Lower exposure when you are taking photo in a very bright conditions. Use +1 or +2 when your photo look dark and stuff like that...
wrong.
at least when you suggest to lower exposure in bright conditions.
as a rule of thumb, exposure should be INCREASED in very bright conditions. beware of oversaturated channels, though, with blown channels it is very tricky to get a spot-on white balance (mmm possibily this is one of the triggers for unwanted green casts when using flash, btw I cannot see any).
Light meters of any kind are calibrated to reproduce a scene tonality as "middle gray". So a black scene tends to be OVERexposed to get a middle gray and a white scene tends to be UNDERexposed to obtain middle gray. Typically, the advice in the old age of film was increase exposure by +1.5 stops on snow or beach, and decrease exposure accordingly for dark scenes.
The second part of the sentence is correct. Indeed, my suggestion in the digital era, as a photographer, is trial and error. Change settings until you're happy with the result. That's why serious digital cameras (even many small and cheap compacts) usually have a live histogram or live highlights/shadows warning to help assessing exposure.
EDIT:
a couple of suggestions.
1 - if you want to get more exposure (i.e. above 800 iso), simply use 800 iso and correct exposure by +2 (if these are stops - I do not know honestly - you're then getting the equivalent of 3200 iso). Then correct in post producion on the pic editor in your pc by dialing in a negative 2 stop exposure.
really awful results, though. HOX pics are not clean even at base iso.
2 - dynamic range compared to aps-c or m43 or fx sensors is so bad that you'll always be fighting against blown channels thus compromising a correct white balance in most situations. That's why you're often getting color casts. Suggestions to desaturate and correct exposure by -1 both help since they both fight against oversaturated channels.
3 - focus. Try and focus on anything in the range of 1-1.5m and you'll have infinite focus as a result (hyperfocal). Apart from extreme close-ups, focusing with a sensor this small is plain stupid. It's a pity there is no infinite focus setting in the camera software (or maybe there is one but I cannot find it).
4 - do yourself a favour a buy a competent camera