Its the KERNEL.
If you have froyo bootloaders and a gingerbread ROM, it will still boot into the ROM and work. But on boot, the KERNEL splash screen is that distorted image in the OP, and also recovery is inaccessible because all you get is the distorted image. And as you should know, recovery is contained in the kernel.
If you're on froyo, and flash a gingerbread kernel, not only will you have the issues stated above, but you'll also likely be bootlooping, which is exactly the situation in the op.
OP.. You don't use Odin booted into Android, or in a bootloop. Its used in DOWNLOAD MODE ONLY.
Search for "usb download mode jig" you can make one, our buy one fur under 10 bucks. It'll boot it into dl mode in seconds.
Then go to the top of the development section, find a gingerbread package WITH bootloaders. flash that, THEN proceed with your original plan