@Unn113
Go to app info (eg long press app icon in the launcher, tap info icon or get there through android settings), go to Permissions and there's a permission called "Sensors".
This permission is given to apps for free (no prompt) and includes stuff like accelerometer, gyroscope, rotational vector sensor etc, pertaining to devices motion, position and environment (temp, elevation, humidity etc)
User is not prompted to allow this permission because it's "safe" data-wise, ie it's not a runtime permission.
It's a shame though - some apps use these permissions to do stuff that results in battery drain.
It's also perfectly feasible to use this information to implement a solution that, with help of machine learning and your approximate location, would aid in guessing your more exact location, means of transportation, current physical activity, daily routine, in some cases workplace etc
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Circling back to battery; disabling Sensors permission for Facebook and Instagram resulted in 20-30% longer battery life.
In general, if you go to Settings -> Battery you'll see which apps are the worst drainers, look closely at "in the background" statistic.
Inspect the permissions, confront with what given app does and you should have some idea what to disable to prolong the battery life.
EDIT:
For disclaiming purposes - I'm not in any way claiming or suggesting the apps I mentioned implement such tracking solution, just that I got longer battery life after disabling the Sensors for them
That remark was just to illustrate that creating a hypothetical malicious app that does such tracking is feasible to implement and conceal eg as flashlight or some other unassuming app - it's always a good idea to review the permissions and disable suspicious ones.