OK, got it to work, if I follow a very strict path (different from what I'm used to), which I still think is quite strange.
Starting point is my full backup from December '21, which has BitGapps plus Magisk V23 (a canary version to be exact) installed:
- restore that backup, then - still in TWRP - flash latest LOS 18.1 + latest BitGapps. Remark: while flashing latest LOS I see messages regarding some BitGapps OTA survival script being active...
- boot to system - works fine
- in system update all apps that had updates since last December
- uninstall Magisk V23, let phone reboot to system
so now I am unrooted. Reason is that any new full backup which has a working Magisk installation seems to fail when it come to restoring it. Although I'm not quite sure whether BitGapps might be the root of my problems, see messages mentioned above
To restore that new backup I have to:
- restore backup from TWRP
- reflash latest LOS, but NOT BitGapps (that is giving me "error 1" messages I admit that I don't understand). Maybe that's because I don't have a newer BitGapps version, but maybe not
- reboot to system
In case I want root I have to do a new Magisk installation
What I don't understand is the fact why my old December backup can be used although it contains Magisk AND BitGapps, but any newer backup canot (I tried ~5 times in various combinations).
Does that make any sense? But for the moment I'm a happy Z1c LOS 18.1 user.
Finally some rather off-topic questions - sorry for that: I googled quite a bit last night but couldn't find proper answers:
As far as I get it Magisk is patching the boot partition. So wiping boot then flashing LOS should have the effect of removing Magisk. Correct? Or am I missing something?
Which partition is a GAPPS solution installed to? Is that system, or is it data? Or even some place else?
Thanks for your patience anyone