I may have figured something out how to get TWRP partially working.
-started with a A12 stock rom from sammobile (flashed CSC_OXM not CSC_HOME_OXM to be completely "fresh")
-rooted with steps from the first post (did not started Magisk app yet)
-Flashed ONLY AP_twrp_F926B_A12.tar with Odin from post nr. 90 (uncheck auto reboot)
-boot to TWRP with hardware buttons and formated data
-rebooted to recovery with twrp menu
-I did sideload and flashed app_debug.zip again but was probably not neccessary since it detected a already magisk patched boot.img
-reboot to system with twrp menu
-finished the Magisk app setup (initial setup when first started the app)
However TWRP will only start when the phone is connected via USB to my laptop, otherwise it will just vibrate once and boot to system with an error popup:
[PDP]
back-up : fail
setup-wizard [FINISH]
while in TWRP I´m able to mount the data partition to answer your question couple of hours ago
@pvillasuso are you able to start TWRP without your phone being connected to a PC ?